Criticism of Mao. During the Great Leap Forward, Chinese citizens everywhere were herded into giant collectives called peoples’ communes. Liu Shaoqi replaced Mao as head of state. Liu Shaoqi, Wade-Giles romanization Liu Shao-ch’i, (born November 24, 1898, Ningxiang, Hunan province, China—died November 12, 1969, Kaifeng, Henan province), chairman of the People’s Republic of China (1959–68) and chief theoretician for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), who was considered the heir apparent to Mao Zedong until he was purged in the late 1960s. In 1958, Liu Shaoqi made headlines for his efficient speech at the Eighth CPC National Congress where he favored the Great Leap Forward. Mao decreed increased efforts to … Liu Shaoqi. He attended Ningxiang Zhusheng Middle School (Chinese: 寧鄉駐省中學; pinyin: Nìngxiāng Zhùshěng zhōngxué), and was recommended to attend a class in Shanghai to prepare for studying in Russia. Chairman Mao Zedong launched the campaign to reconstruct the country from an agrarian economy into a communist society through the formation of people's communes. Liu Shaoqi (1898—1969) was president of China from 1959 until 1968. When Mao’s “Great Leap Forward,” begun in 1958, led to widespread famine in the early 1960s, Liu moved to oppose Mao’s policies. Adverse weather and the failed policies of the Great Leap Forward decimated rural China in 1959-61, causing the deaths of some 30 million people.China’s economic recovery followed the sidelining of Mao Zedong and the ascendancy of more pragmatic leadership. As a result of the failure on the Great Leap Forward, Mao Zedong retired from the post of chairman of the People's Republic of China. He played a key role in ending the Great Leap Forward, a policy which led to a nationwide famine. Liu Shaoqi (1898-1969), a native of Ningxiang, Hunan Province, was a Chinese revolutionary, statesman, and theorist. Deng Xiaoping, Liu Shaoqi and Zhou Enlai, who oversaw China’s recovery. It was during this investigation phase that Liu Shaoqi reflected on the lessons of the Great Leap Forward. Most of us have heard of the story of Emperor’s New Clothes. When Mao floated the Great Leap Forward in 1958, Liu gave it his full support. After Mao’s death, Liu’s fate became known: He had been incarcerated and died of … He succeeded Mao Zedong as People's Republic of China’s president on 27 April 1959. During this time, he started formulating economic reforms to correct the defects of the Great Leap Forward. In 1920, he and Ren Bishi joined a Socialist Youth Corps; the next year, Liu was recruited to study at the Comintern's University of the Toilers of the East in Moscow. After hearing stories of peasant famines from his sister, Liu became more critical of Mao within party ranks. Of the Party leaders, Mao was of course given prominence, although his position had become less untouchable because of the failure of the Great Leap Forward. During this time, he started formulating economic reforms to correct the defects of the Great Leap Forward.

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