Olney sent federal troops to the scene, arrested Eugene Debs and other strike leaders, and saw his use of injunctions sustained by the Supreme Court the following year. Olney was born into a family of means in Oxford, Massachusetts. Generally unsuccessful in politics and little known to the public, he was considered by many … The matter was in fact arbitrated in 1899, after Olney retired in 1897 to the private practice of law. Richard Olney was born in Oxford, Massachusetts, on September 15, 1835. Richard Olney (September 15, 1835 – April 8, 1917) was an American statesman. [1], In 1876, Olney inherited his father-in-law's Boston law practice and became involved in the business affairs of Boston's elite families. [9], In 1861, Olney married Agnes Park Thomas of Boston, Massachusetts. A nationalist with a forceful personality who took a broad view of federal power, Olney is remembered for two important actions during his public career that had long-lasting implications for U.S. law. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... …president’s cabinet supported Attorney General. The primary role of a JP is to witness a person making a statutory declaration or affidavit, and to certify copies of original documents. Richard Olney. Born in Oxford, Becoming secretary of state in June 1895, Olney was almost immediately faced with the problem of appeals by Venezuela for U.S. support in its dispute with Great Britain over the Venezuela–British Guiana boundary. ), U.S. secretary of state (1895–97) who asserted, under the Monroe Doctrine, the right of the United States to intervene in any international disputes within the Western Hemisphere. He was the oldest of five children and a descendant of Thomas Olney, follower of Roger Williams. Item Information. First served as United States Attorney General from 1893 to 1895, then as United States Secretary of State from 1895 to 1897. [1], He graduated with high honors as class orator from Brown University in 1856. Grover Cleveland appointed him U.S. attorney general in 1893. Richard Olney. Olney was born on September 15, 1835, in Oxford, Massachusetts. [1], Olney was the uncle of Massachusetts Congressman Richard Olney II. Attorney General of the United States, Secretary of State. Richard Olney. To ensure the speediest handling of messages, please select the correct address. He will serve as the attorney general for the final four weeks of the Trump administration. [1], Olney was elected a selectman in West Roxbury, Massachusetts and served one term in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1874. The family then moved back to Oxford and Olney attended school at the Leicester Academy in Leicester. Photo: Richard Olney, 1835-1917, US Attorney General, Statesman. Olney, Richard, 1835–1917, American cabinet member, b. Oxford, Mass. [6] He ordered the Chicago district attorney to convene a grand jury to find cause to indict Eugene Debs and other labor leaders and sent federal marshals to protect rail traffic, ordering 150 marshals deputized in Helena, Montana alone. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He declined to run again, preferring to return to his law practice. After serving only one term in the Massachusetts legislature (1873–74), he was suddenly thrust into the spotlight when President Cleveland appointed him U.S. attorney general in 1893. He served as both United States Attorney General and Secretary of State under President Grover Cleveland.As attorney general, Olney used injunctions against striking workers in the Pullman strike, setting a precedent, and advised the use of federal troops, when legal means failed to control the strikers. Richard Olney, (born Sept. 15, 1835, Oxford, Mass., U.S.—died April 8, 1917, Boston, Mass. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Cronulla Electorate Office. Richard Olney. Olney was born into a family of means in Oxford, Massachusetts. "The worst may be saved and the best ruined by aptness or … The family then moved back to Oxford and Olney attended school at … Jeffrey Rosen is the current acting attorney general, following the resignation of William Barr on December 23, 2020. Condition:--not specified. [1] He received a bachelor of laws degree from Harvard Law School in 1858. In March 1893, Olney became U.S. Attorney General and used the law to thwart strikes, which he considered an illegitimate tactic contrary to law. Richard Olney (1835-1917) served as U.S. attorney general and secretary of state under President Grover Cleveland. He was educated at Brown University and the Harvard Law School and specialized in corporate law in Boston. He graduated from Brown University in 1856 and from Harvard Law School in 1858. He graduated from Brown University in 1856 and from Harvard Law School in 1858, and began practicing law in Boston in 1859. Olney was elected a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1902. Grenville, John A. S. and George Berkeley Young. Olney, Richard. Richard Olney (1835-1917), United States Attorney General and Secretary of State, was born in Oxford, Massachusetts, on September 15, 1835. Updates? During the 1880s, Olney rose to become one of the city’s leading railroad attorneys. Olney was born in Oxford, Massachusetts, and studied at Brown University (Class of … Olney practiced law and was intermittently active in politics and the Democratic Party, serving a term in the Massachusetts State legislature in 1874. "Intervention Under the Monroe Doctrine: The Olney Corollary,", This page was last edited on 23 February 2021, at 22:08. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-Olney, United States Department of State - Office of the Historian - Biography of Richard Olney, Richard Olney - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). He prepared for college at Leicester Academy in Worcester County, graduated from Brown University in 1856, and received the degree of LL.B. New COVID-19 regulations: Witnessing legal documents remotely – Justices of the Peace factsheet Justices of the Peace (JPs) are volunteers appointed by the Governor of New South Wales. He attended the public schools, Leicester Academy and graduated from Brown University in 1892. Contact Details. ; educated at Leicester Academy and graduated Brown University, 1856, and LL. Omissions? Adding to your cart. The item you've selected was not added to your cart. A Boston attorney who had served only one term in the Massachusetts legislature (1873–74), Olney was suddenly thrust into national prominence when Pres. Richard Olney, Letter to Thomas Bayard (1895) 1. It satisfies the popular clamor for a government supervision of the railroads, at the same time that that supervision is almost entirely nominal. [6], When the legal measures failed, he advised President Cleveland to send federal troops to Chicago to quell the strike, over the objections of the Governor of Illinois. Richard Olney, (born Sept. 15, 1835, Oxford, Mass., U.S.—died April 8, 1917, Boston, Mass. Olney argued that the government must prevent interference with its mails and with the general railway transportation between the states. Richard Olney (September 15, 1835 – April 8, 1917) was an American statesman. As Attorney General (1893–95), he obtained an injunction against the strikers in the Pullman strike Pullman strike, His father was Wilson Olney, a textiles manufacturer and banker. In the late nineteenth century, the Massachusetts-born attorney Richard Olney exerted a powerful influence over domestic and international affairs. He was educated at Brown University and the Harvard Law School and specialized in corporate law in Boston. His father was Wilson Olney, a textiles manufacturer and banker. Richard Olney (September 15, 1835 - April 8, 1917) was an American statesman. Olney was unwilling to take on new responsibilities at his advanced age. [2], During the 1880s, Olney became one of the Boston's leading railroad attorneys[2][3] and the general counsel for Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway. The Best Reviewed Science, Technology, and Nature Books, November Edition. Olney returned to the practice of the law in 1897,[1] at the expiration of Cleveland's term. Richard Olney was born in Oxford, Worcester County, Massachusetts, on September 15, 1835. ), Olney took a prominent role in the boundary dispute between the British and Venezuelan governments. Richard Olney (September 15, 1835 – April 8, 1917) was an American statesman. As Secretary of State, he raised the status of America in the world by elevating U.S. diplomatic posts to the status of embassy. Mark Speakman, MP Suite 203 30 Kingsway From 1893 to 1895, Olney served as U.S. attorney general under President grover cleveland and, from 1895 to 1897, as Secretary of State. In March 1893, Olney became U.S. Attorney General and used the law to thwart strikes, which he considered an illegitimate tactic contrary to law. Once in office, Olney … [2], Olney quickly elevated US foreign diplomatic posts to the title of embassy, officially raising the status of the United States to one of the world's greater nations. In this position, during the strike of railway employees against the Pullman Company in Chicago (1894), he obtained a court-ordered injunction to restrain the strikers from acts of violence, thus setting a precedent for the use of such injunctions to help break labour strikes. Served in two Cabinet positions during President Grover Cleveland’s 2nd term in office. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Presidential Cabinet Secretary. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. In March 1913, Olney turned down President Wilson's offer to be the US Ambassador to Great Britain,[8] and later, in May 1914, when President Wilson offered Olney the Appointment as Governor of the Federal Reserve Board, he declined that appointment. From 1893 to 1895, Olney served as U.S. attorney general under President GROVER CLEVELANDand, from 1895 to 1897, as SECRETARY OF STATE. Title Richard Olney papers, Summary Correspondence, letterbooks, memoranda, drafts of speeches and articles, reports, subject files, legal records, newspaper clippings, printed material, and other papers relating primarily to Olney's activities as U.S. attorney general and secretary of state during Grover Cleveland's presidential administration. He was Chairman of the Board of Selectmen of Leicester. Attorney General, and Minister for the Prevention of Domestic Violence Leader of the House Member of the Liberal Party. As attorney general, Olney used injunctions against striking workers in the Pullman strike, setting a precedent, and advised the use of federal troops, when legal means failed to control the strikers. Richard Olney: Summation for the Defense Contributed by GERALD G. EGGERT * INTRODUCTION R ICHARD OLNEY OF BOSTON, best known as Attorney General (1893-1895) and Secretary of State (1895-1897) in the second administration of Grover Cleveland, in private life was a distinguished railroad and corporation lawyer. 2 pages Richard Olney (1835-1917) served as U.S. attorney general and secretary of state under President Grover Cleveland.Richard Olney, Massachusetts-born, was from an upper-class family. Richard Olney (1835-1917) served as U.S. attorney general and secretary of state under President Grover Cleveland. After graduated from the Harvard Law School he practised in Boston. Corrections? BOOKS. Richard Olney 373 words, approx. In his correspondence with Lord Salisbury, he gave an extended interpretation of the Monroe Doctrine that went considerably beyond previous statements on the subject, now known as the Olney interpretation.[7]. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [citation needed], Author H.W. Young, George B. "[10], Olney received the honorary degree of LL.D from Harvard and Brown in 1893 and from Yale University in 1901. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [1], In 1859, he passed the bar and began practicing law in Boston, attaining a reputation as an authority on probate, trust and corporate law. [2], Upon the death of Secretary of State Walter Q. Gresham, Cleveland named Olney to the position on June 10, 1895. He became a wool merchant. President Grover Cleveland appointed Olney as Attorney General in 1893. President Grover Cleveland, during his second term in the White House, nominated Olney for attorney general despite Olney’s lack of political experience. Fortieth Attorney General 1893-1895. 1895-1897: Secretary of State Richard Olney. He began his career as an attorney in Boston, Massachusetts. A: The Hon. (Until then, the United States had had only Legations, which diplomatic protocol dictated be treated as inferior to embassies. Brands recounts claims that Olney "responded to a daughter's indiscretion by banishing her from his home, never to see her again, although they lived in the same city for thirty years. Born in Oxford, Massachusetts, September 15, 1835; Graduated from Brown University in 1856 (A.M.) and from Harvard Law School in 1858; With Cleveland’s support, Olney issued (July 20) an aggressive note demanding that Britain, in conformity with the Monroe Doctrine, arbitrate the controversy to avoid war and asserting the sovereignty of the United States in the Western Hemisphere. In 1894 during the Pullman strike, attorney general Richard Olney secured from federal courts writs of injunction ordering the strikers back to work. Olney, Richard; lawyer; Attorney General and Secretary of State under President Cleveland; b. Sept. 15, 1835, in Oxford, Mass. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Sign in to check out Check out as guest . Richard Olney. In 1894, as attorney general, he convinced President Grover Cleveland to send federal troops to crush the massive Pullman railroad strike (and this despite the fact that the Illinois governor not only did not request the troops, but actually begged Washington not to send them). Photo: Richard Olney, 1835-1917, US Attorney General, Statesman. In 1859 he began the practice of law at Boston, Massachusetts, and attained a high position at the bar. He served in the state house of representatives in 1874, and in March 1893 became Attorney General of the United States in the cabinet of President Grover Cleveland. from Harvard Law School in 1858. Consequently, Federal troops and US … Richard Olney, Massachusetts-born, was from an upper-class family. Richard Olney, Massachusetts-born, was from an upper-class family. Richarc Olney and the Income Tax Cases By GERALD G. EGGERT "No case can be trusted to take care of itself," Attorney General Richard Olney told the graduating class of the Columbian Universi-ty Law School in June, 1894. He served as both United States Attorney General and Secretary of State under President Grover Cleveland. Price: US $14.99. The part of wisdom is not to destroy the Commission, but to utilize it."[5]. He served as United States Attorney General in the cabinet of Grover Cleveland and Secretary of State under Cleveland and briefly under William McKinley. [2] Olney argued that the government must prevent interference with its mails and with the general railway transportation between the states. BOSTON, April 9.--Richard Olney, Attorney General and Secretary of State in Cleveland's second Cabinet, died at his home here last night. [4], Olney was once asked by a former railroad employer if he could do something to get rid of the newly formed Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC). When Illinois governor John P. Altgeld refused to ask for federal troops to intercede in the strike, U.S. Attorney General Richard Olney, who had a close relationship with the railway industry, asked for the first-ever federal injunction to block a strike. ), U.S. secretary of state (1895–97) who asserted, under the Monroe Doctrine, the right of the United States to intervene in any international disputes within the Western Hemisphere. Shortly after his birth, the family moved to Louisville, Kentucky, until Olney was seven. Latest News. Richard Olney was born in Oxford, Massachusetts, on 15th September, 1835. [1] Shortly after his birth, the family moved to Louisville, Kentucky, until Olney was seven. The attorney general is supported by the Office of the Attorney General, which includes executive staff and several deputies. Richard Olney attended Leicester Academy and graduated from Brown in 1856 and from Harvard Law School in 1858. He suggested that the ICC would become a captive regulator, replying in an 1892 letter, "The Commission... is, or can be made, of great use to the railroads. During the 1894 Pullman strike, Olney instructed district attorneys to secure from the Federal Courts writs of injunction against striking railroad employees. [1], For other people named Richard Olney, see, "Richard Olney (1895–1897): Secretary of State", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Olney&oldid=1008552739, Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, Candidates in the 1904 United States presidential election, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2014, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Richard Olney served as U.S. Attorney General under President Grover Cleveland and shifted to assume the office of Secretary of State in 1895. He was a successful Boston lawyer and had served briefly in the state legislature before President Cleveland appointed him to his cabinet. He also advised the use of Federal troops to suppress the insurrection. He served as both United States Attorney General and Secretary of State under President Grover Cleveland.
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